February 1, 2024 Issue of JAMA Internal Medicine

February 2024, Vol 184, No. 2, Pages 126-228

Viewpoint

COVID-19 and Patient Safety鈥擫essons From 2 Efforts to Keep People Safe

Robert M. Wachter, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):127-128. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7527

This Viewpoint examines the similarities between medical errors and COVID-19 and discusses lessons applicable to ongoing and emerging health challenges.

Editor's Note
Protecting Patients by Reducing Diagnostic Error
Grace Y. Zhang, MD; Cary P. Gross, MD

JAMA Intern Med

Corporate Influences on Science and Health鈥攖he Case of Spinal Cord Stimulation

Adrian C. Traeger, PhD; Lisa A. Bero, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):129-130. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6962

This Viewpoint discusses tactics by corporations to criticize scientific research that may be unfavorable to their industries, recently including the spinal cord stimulator industry.

Original Investigation

Association Between Daily Toothbrushing and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Selina Ehrenzeller, MD; Michael Klompas, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):131-142. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6638

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials assesses the association of toothbrushing with hospital-acquired pneumonia, mortality, length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and use of antibiotics in hospitalized patients.

Audio: Association Between Daily Toothbrushing and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia

Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Other Second-Line Antidiabetics in Early Pregnancy

Carolyn E. Cesta, PhD; Ran Rotem, ScD; Brian T. Bateman, MD, MSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

open access

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):144-152. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6663

This cohort study examines the association of periconceptional use of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists or other noninsulin second-line antidiabetic medications with increased risk of major congenital malformations.

Health Care Policy and Law

Effect of an Intensive Food-as-Medicine Program on Health and Health Care Use: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Joseph Doyle, PhD; Marcella Alsan, MD, MPH, PhD; Nicholas Skelley, BA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):154-163. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6670

This randomized clinical trial examines whether an intensive food-as-medicine program can improve glycemic control and engagement with preventive health care compared with usual care among adults with diabetes and food insecurity.

Editor's Note
Food for Thought鈥�Include Controls in Policy Evaluations
Deborah Grady, MD, MPH

JAMA Intern Med

Diagnostic Errors in Hospitalized Adults Who Died or Were Transferred to Intensive Care

Andrew D. Auerbach, MD, MPH; Tiffany M. Lee, BA; Colin C. Hubbard, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):164-173. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7347

This cohort study assesses the prevalence, underlying causes, and harms of diagnostic errors among hospitalized adults who died or were transferred to intensive care.

Audio: Diagnostic Errors in Hospitalized Adults Who Died or Were Transferred to Intensive Care

Editor's Note
Protecting Patients by Reducing Diagnostic Error
Grace Y. Zhang, MD; Cary P. Gross, MD

JAMA Intern Med

Evaluation of a Best-Practice Advisory for Primary Aldosteronism Screening

Suranut Charoensri, MD; Linda Bashaw, PhD; Cheryl Dehmlow, BA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):174-182. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7389

This quality improvement study examines an electronic health record best practice advisory that assists with primary aldosteronism screening.

Population-Based Trends in Complexity of Hospital Inpatients

Hiten Naik, MD; Tyler M. Murray, MD; Mayesha Khan, MA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):183-192. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7410

This cohort study assesses whether there has been an increase in measures of hospital inpatient complexity in British Columbia, Canada, over a 15-year period.

Firearm Violence

Primary Care Patients鈥� Perspectives on Health Care Screening for Firearms in a Diverse, Urban Area: A Qualitative Study

Madison R. Wilson, MD; Nichole A. Smith, MD; Monica E. Peek, MD, MPH, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):194-200. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7588

This qualitative study explored urban primary care patient perspectives about the appropriateness and acceptability of health care screening for firearms.

Invited Commentary

Daily Toothbrushing to Prevent Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia鈥擝rushing Away the Risk

Rupak Datta, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):142-143. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6807

Audio: Association Between Daily Toothbrushing and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia

Women's Health

Promising Safety Profile of Noninsulin Medications for Type 2 Diabetes in Early Pregnancy

Neda Ghaffari, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):152-153. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.8422

Increasing Clinical Complexity鈥擨mplications for Care Delivery, Payment Models, and the Health Care Workforce

Daniel M. Blumenthal, MD, MBA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):192-193. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7407

Editor's Note

Food for Thought鈥�Include Controls in Policy Evaluations

Deborah Grady, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):163. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6659

Protecting Patients by Reducing Diagnostic Error

Grace Y. Zhang, MD; Cary P. Gross, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):173. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7334

Automated External Defibrillators Are Only Effective If Put to Use

Isabel Ostrer, MD; Tracy Y. Wang, MD, MHS, MSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):220. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7252

Teachable Moment

Mitigating the Burden of Medication Costs

Sahil Sandhu, MSc; Nikitha R. Patel, PharmD; Daniel M. Horn, MD

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):201-202. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6424

This essay discusses medication cost鈭抣owering strategies that clinicians can use in routine clinical and inpatient care to assist patients in affording and adhering to expensive therapy regimens.

Research Letter

Consequences of a Health System Not Knowing Which Patients Are Deceased

Neil S. Wenger, MD, MPH; Fernando Javier Sanz Vidorreta, BS; Michael T. Dudley, BA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):213-214. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6428

This quality improvement study in a California health system investigates the proportion of active patients who were deceased but not noted as such in the electronic health record (EHR), as well as encounters after death.

Content and Readability of US Procedure Consent Forms

George T. Lin, MD; Margaret B. Mitchell, MD; Catherine Hammack-Aviran, JD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):214-216. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6431

This qualitative study uses data from the American Hospital Association National Survey Database to analyze the content and readability of a sample of US procedures consent forms.

Trainee-Led Intervention to Motivate Resident Physician Voter Registration

Daniel N. Arteaga, MD, MBA; Arthur S. Hong, MD, MPH; Hussain S. Lalani, MD, MPH, MSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):216-218. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6436

This quality improvement study describes a trainee-led intervention to improve resident physician voter registration for national elections.

Health Care Policy and Law

Automated External Defibrillator Use After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest at Recreational Facilities

Ahmed A. Kolkailah, MD, MSc; Paul S. Chan, MD, MSc; Qiang Li, BS, MSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):218-220. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7248

This cohort study examines bystander automated external defibrillator (AED) application and survival outcomes for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest at recreational facilities in US states with and without AED legislation.

Editor's Note
Automated External Defibrillators Are Only Effective If Put to Use
Isabel Ostrer, MD; Tracy Y. Wang, MD, MHS, MSc

JAMA Intern Med

Advance Provision of Mifepristone and Misoprostol via Online Telemedicine in the US

Abigail R. A. Aiken, PhD; Jennifer E. Starling, PhD; Daniëlle C. van Blitterswijk, MSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):220-223. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.7291

This cross-sectional study examines trends in the demand and characteristics and motivations of individuals who requested advance provision of abortion medications.

Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography

Chest Tightness With QR and ST-Segment Elevation in Lead V₁

Jing-Xiu Li, MD, PhD; Xin Qiu, MD; Min Gao, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):203-204. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.4853

This case report describes a patient in their 50s with a 2-month history of worsening chest tightness and dyspnea after COVID-19 infection.

Recurrent Ventricular Fibrillation in an Apparently Healthy Patient

Yan Gao, MD; Hao-Yu Wu, MD, PhD; Yi-Wei Cao, MD

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):205-206. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.5244

This case report describes a patient in their 50s who collapsed, received chest compressions, and recovered consciousness at home.

Intermittent Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome Mimicking a Ventricular Tachycardia

Herman Chih-Heng Chang, MD; Chun-Lin Chen, MD; Huey-Ming Lo, MD

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):207-208. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.5247

This case report describes a patient in their 50s with a history of pneumoconiosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who presented to the emergency department with sudden onset shortness of breath.

A Young Pregnant Person With Old Myocardial Infarction

Li Wang, MS; Minmin Zhang, MS; Jing Jin, MS

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):209-210. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.5251

This case report presents the electrocardiogram findings of a pregnant patient in their 30s with a family history of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.

Weakness and Syncope After Prolonged Diarrhea

János Tomcsányi, MD, PhD; Kristóf Tomcsányi, MD

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):211-212. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.5527

This case report presents the electrocardiogram findings of a patient in their 70s history of hypertension, chronic kidney failure, and prolonged diarrhea who presented for repeated episodes of weakness and syncope.

Comment & Response

Preventing the Continuing Tragedy of Silicosis

Gregory R. Wagner, MD; David Michaels, PhD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):223-224. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6629

Editorial
Engineered Stone鈥揂ssociated Silicosis鈥擜 Lethal Variant of an Ancient Disease
Jeremy T. Hua, MD, MPH; Cecile S. Rose, MD, MPH; Carrie A. Redlich, MD, MPH

JAMA Intern Med
- Audio: Silicosis Among Immigrant Engineered Stone (Quartz) Countertop Fabrication Workers in California

Preventing the Continuing Tragedy of Silicosis鈥擱eply

Jeremy T. Hua, MD, MPH; Cecile S. Rose, MD, MPH; Carrie A. Redlich, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):224. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6635

Editorial
Engineered Stone鈥揂ssociated Silicosis鈥擜 Lethal Variant of an Ancient Disease
Jeremy T. Hua, MD, MPH; Cecile S. Rose, MD, MPH; Carrie A. Redlich, MD, MPH

JAMA Intern Med
- Audio: Silicosis Among Immigrant Engineered Stone (Quartz) Countertop Fabrication Workers in California

Workers at Risk of Silicosis鈥擮ngoing Overexposure and Lack of Medical Surveillance

Michael J. Hodgson, MD, MPH; Philip A. Smith, PhD, CIH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):224-225. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6632

Editorial
Engineered Stone鈥揂ssociated Silicosis鈥擜 Lethal Variant of an Ancient Disease
Jeremy T. Hua, MD, MPH; Cecile S. Rose, MD, MPH; Carrie A. Redlich, MD, MPH

JAMA Intern Med
- Audio: Silicosis Among Immigrant Engineered Stone (Quartz) Countertop Fabrication Workers in California

Workers at Risk of Silicosis鈥擮ngoing Overexposure and Lack of Medical Surveillance鈥擱eply

Jane C. Fazio, MD; Sheiphali A. Gandhi, MD, MPH; Robert J. Harrison, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Intern Med. 2024;184(2):225-226. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6626

Editorial
Engineered Stone鈥揂ssociated Silicosis鈥擜 Lethal Variant of an Ancient Disease
Jeremy T. Hua, MD, MPH; Cecile S. Rose, MD, MPH; Carrie A. Redlich, MD, MPH

JAMA Intern Med
- Audio: Silicosis Among Immigrant Engineered Stone (Quartz) Countertop Fabrication Workers in California